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Literacy Development, Age By Age*
Children’s love of reading starts during infancy, long before they begin to read
and write in the conventional sense. They start off by making indecipherable
noises and bloom into readers who listen to storybooks, make art and dictate stories. |
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CHILDREN AGES 0-2 |
- Experiment with language by making sounds that imitate the times and rhythms of adult talk;
- Delight in listening to familiar jingles and rhymes;
- Play along with games such as peekaboo and pattycake;
- Begin to name familiar objects out loud;
- Participate in making the sounds of animals they see in books.
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| To Help You Can… |
- Read simple picture books together and talk to your child about what you see;
- Tell your chills stories and talk about daily events and routines;
- Talk, sing, chant and do fingerplays.
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CHILDREN AGES 2-3 |
- Enjoy listening to rhymes and songs, doing finger plays; looking at books;
- Understand that their written name signifies something special that pertains specifically to them;
- Scribble enthusiastically.
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| To Help You Can… |
- Share books that include repeated rhymes and sayings;
- Encourage your child to listen to sounds, words, rhymes and poems;
- Look at and read picture books together;
- Provide simple art materials for drawing and scribbling.
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CHILDREN AGES 3-4 |
- Delight in conversation and being listen and responded to;
- Recognize examples of print in their environment;
- Knowing that writing is a form of communication;
- Know that people read for a purpose.
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| To Help You Can… |
- Play word games to reinforce following directions, listening and speaking;
- Provide a rich variety of reading materials;
- Choose picture books that are age appropriate, with clear story lines;
- Point out words on signs or in your child’s environment that begin with the same letter of your child’s name.
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CHILDREN AGES 4-5 |
- Realize that reading moves left to right and top to bottom;
- Learn that print rather than pictures, carries the meaning of the story;
- Pretend to read;
- Recognize some names and letters.
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| To Help You Can… |
- Read aloud daily
- Involve your child in playful experiences with print;
- Write down your child’s spoken stories;
- Encourage your child to write their name and other familiar words;
- Encourage your child to participate in activities, such as cooking and make grocery lists that involve reading and writing.
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CHILDREN AGES 5-6 |
- Sound out some words;
- Enjoy writing and giving written messages to others;
- Begin to write words they hear;
- Enjoy reading favorite books, simple predictable books and books they have written;
- Attempt to do their own writing, using invented and standard spelling.;
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| To Help You Can… |
- Encourage your child to see him or herself as a reader;
- Support the love of books by reading together and sharing favorite stories;
- Encourage story dictating so your child can practice writing.;
- Involve your child in reading signs, recipes, cereal boxes, maps and other print used every day.
- Introduce simple chapter books.
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*Source: Scholastic Early Childhood Today, October 2000; Scholastic Parent and Child, October/November 1998
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